Understanding Steroid-Induced Glaucoma
Steroid-induced glaucoma is a type of secondary glaucoma caused by the use of corticosteroids, which can increase intraocular pressure (IOP) and damage the optic nerve. This condition can develop after prolonged use of steroid medications, whether in the form of eye drops, oral tablets, or topical creams.
How Steroids Affect Your Eyes
Steroids, including corticosteroids, can lead to steroid-induced glaucoma by:
- Increasing fluid production in the eye.
- Reducing the drainage of aqueous humor, the fluid that maintains eye pressure.
- Causing changes in the trabecular meshwork, the eye’s drainage system.
These changes can elevate IOP, leading to optic nerve damage and vision loss if left untreated.
Medications Linked to Steroid-Induced Glaucoma
Several types of steroid medications can contribute to steroid-induced glaucoma:
- Topical Steroids: Eye drops or ointments containing corticosteroids (e.g., prednisolone, dexamethasone).
- Oral Steroids: Tablets or pills like prednisone, often prescribed for inflammatory conditions.
- Injected Steroids: Intraocular or periocular injections for eye conditions.
- Topical Skin Creams: High-potency steroid creams used for skin conditions, which can be absorbed systemically.
Who Is at Risk?
Certain individuals are more susceptible to developing steroid-induced glaucoma, including:
- People with a family history of glaucoma.
- Those with high myopia (nearsightedness).
- Individuals with diabetes or hypertension.
- Children and the elderly, who may be more sensitive to steroid effects.
Symptoms and Diagnosis
Symptoms of steroid-induced glaucoma may include:
- Blurred vision.
- Eye pain or discomfort.
- Redness in the eye.
- Seeing halos around lights.
Diagnosis typically involves:
- Tonometry to measure intraocular pressure.
- Optic nerve imaging to detect damage.
- Visual field tests to assess peripheral vision.
Preventing and Managing Steroid-Induced Glaucoma
To protect your vision while using steroids:
- Use the lowest effective dose of steroids for the shortest duration possible.
- Monitor eye pressure regularly if you are on long-term steroid therapy.
- Consult your eye doctor before starting or stopping steroid medications.
- Explore alternative treatments if you are at high risk for glaucoma.
If you are unsure whether your symptoms require emergency attention, it is always safer to contact your healthcare provider or eye clinic for guidance.
At The Eye Center – Dr. Mahnaz Naveed Shah & Associates in Karachi, patients benefit from the care of internationally trained specialists across every sub-specialty of ophthalmology. Led by Dr. Mahnaz Naveed Shah, a highly experienced and dedicated glaucoma specialist with extensive training in advanced eye care, the team provides trusted support for both routine check-ups and urgent eye conditions. They will guide you on whether you need a screening, further investigation, or immediate treatment, always with your safety and comfort in mind. For expert consultation, contact 0304-111-9544 to book an appointment.
With a strong record of excellence in glaucoma and cataract care, Dr. Mahnaz Shah and her team remain committed to helping you protect your vision—with confidence.